Ukubunjwa kwesikhunta unomphela kubhekisela kwinqubo yokubunjwa esebenzisa isikhunta sensimbi esikhethekile (die) ukuze kwamukelwe insimbi encibilikisiwe ewuketshezi. Ilungele ukukhiqizaukusakazangobuningi. Lezi zinqubo ze-cating zibizwa ngokuthi i-metal die casting noma i-gravity die casting, njengoba insimbi ingena esikhunjini ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubunjwa kwesihlabathi, ukubunjwa kwegobolondo noma ukutshala izimali, lapho isikhunta sidinga ukulungiswa ngakunye kokubunjwa, ukubunjwa kwesikhunta unomphela kungakhiqiza ama-castings anezinhlelo ezifanayo zokubumba zezingxenye zokuphonsa ngayinye.
I-mold material of casting unomphela inqunywa ngokucatshangelwa kwezinga lokushisa elithululwayo, ubukhulu bokubunjwa kanye nemvamisa yomjikelezo wokuphonsa. Banquma ukushisa okuphelele okuzothwalwa yifa. I-fine-grained grey cast iron iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu. I-alloy cast iron, carbon steel kanye ne-alloy steels (i-H11 ne-H14) nayo isetshenziselwa imiqulu emikhulu nezingxenye ezinkulu. Isikhunta se-graphite singasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu encane kusuka ku-aluminium ne-magnesium. Impilo ye-die incane kuma-alloys okushisa ancibilika aphezulu njengethusi noma insimbi empunga.
Ukwenza noma yiziphi izingxenye ezingenalutho, ama-cores abuye asetshenziswe ekubunjweni kwesikhunta unomphela. Ama-cores angenziwa ngensimbi noma ngesihlabathi. Uma kusetshenziswa ama-sand cores, inqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukubumba okuhlala njalo. Futhi, i-metallic core kufanele ihoxiswe ngokushesha ngemva kokuqina; ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhishwa kwayo kuba nzima ngenxa yokuncipha. Kumajamo ayinkimbinkimbi, ama-cores ensimbi agoqekayo (ama-piece piece cores) kwesinye isikhathi asetshenziswa ekubunjweni okuhlala njalo. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo akunabile ngenxa yokuthi kunzima ukubeka ngokuphephile indikimba njengesiqephu esisodwa nangenxa yokuhlukahluka kobukhulu okungenzeka kwenzeke. Ngakho-ke, ngama-cores agoqekayo, umklami kufanele anikeze ukubekezelela okuqinile kulezi zilinganiso.
Ngaphansi komjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuphonsa, izinga lokushisa lapho isikhunta sisetshenziswa khona sincike ekushiseni okuthululwayo, imvamisa yomjikelezo wokuphonsa, isisindo sokuphonsa, ukwakheka kodonga, ukushuba kodonga, ukushuba kodonga lwesikhunta kanye nobukhulu bembobo yesikhunta. Uma ukubunjwa kwenziwa ngokufa kwamakhaza, ukulingwa okumbalwa kokuqala kungenzeka kube nokungahambi kahle kuze kufike izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, isikhunta kufanele sishiswe ngaphambili ekushiseni kwayo kokusebenza, okungcono kuhhavini.
Izinto ezivame ukuphonswa ekubunjweni okuhlala njalo ama-alloys e-aluminium, ama-alloys e-magnesium, ama-alloys ethusi, ama-alloys e-zinc ne-grey cast iron. Isisindo seyunithi yokulingisa sisuka kumagremu amaningana siye ku-15 kg ezintweni eziningi. Kodwa, uma kuyi-aluminium, ama-castings amakhulu anesisindo esingafika ku-350 kg noma ngaphezulu angakhiqizwa. Ukubunjwa kwesikhunta okuhlala njalo kulungele ngokukhethekile ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu ephezulu yezithombe ezincane, ezilula ezinobukhulu obufanayo bodonga futhi ezingenazo izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Izinzuzo Zenqubo Yokusakaza Yesikhunta Esingunaphakade:
1. Ngenxa yokubunjwa kwensimbi esetshenzisiwe, le nqubo ikhiqiza ukubunjwa okucolisekile okunezici ezisezingeni eliphakeme zemishini.
2. Akhiqiza isiphetho esihle kakhulu sohlelo lwama-microns angu-4 nokubukeka okungcono
3. Ukubekezelelana okuqinile kungatholakala
4. Iyonga ekukhiqizeni ngezinga elikhulu njengoba umsebenzi obandakanyekayo ekulungiseni isikhunta uyancipha
5. Imigodi enezintambo ezincane ingase ikhiqizwe uma iqhathaniswa nokubunjwa kwesihlabathi
6. Okufakiwe kungafakwa kalula endaweni
| Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezinqubo Ezihlukene Zokusakaza
| |||||
| Izinto | I-Sand Casting | Permanent Mold Casting | I-Die Casting | Investment Casting | I-Chemical Bonded Mold Mold Casting |
| Ukubekezelelana okujwayelekile kwe-dimensional, amayintshi | ± .010" | ± .010" | ± .001" | ± .010" | ± .005" |
| ± .030" | ± .050" | ± .015" | ± .020" | ± .015" | |
| Izindleko ezilinganiselwe ngobuningi | Phansi | Phansi | Okuphansi kakhulu | Okuphakeme kakhulu | Ukuphakama okumaphakathi |
| Izindleko ezilinganiselwe zenombolo encane | Okuphansi kakhulu | Phezulu | Okuphakeme kakhulu | Maphakathi | Phezulu Okumaphakathi |
| Isisindo esivumelekile sokusakaza | Okukhawulelwe | 100 lbs. | awu 75lbs. | Ama-ounces ukuya ku-100 lbs. | Igobolondo ozs. Kuze ku-250 lbs. ungabhaki 1/2 lb - amathani |
| Thinnest section castable, amayintshi | 1/10" | 1/8" | 1/32" | 1/16" | 1/10" |
| Isiphetho sendawo ehlobene | Kuhle kuya kokuhle | Kuhle | Okuhle kakhulu | Kuhle kakhulu | Igobolondo lihle |
| Ukukhululeka okuhlobene komklamo oyinkimbinkimbi wokusakaza | Kuhle kuya kokuhle | Kuhle | Kuhle | Okuhle kakhulu | Kuhle |
| Ubulula obuhlobene bokushintsha idizayini ekukhiqizeni | Okuhle kakhulu | Impofu | Abampofu kakhulu | Kuhle | Kuhle |
| Uhla lwama-alloys lungaphonswa | okungenamkhawulo | I-Aluminium nesisekelo sethusi kuyathandeka | Isisekelo se-Aluminiyamu siyathandeka | Akunamkhawulo | Unlimited |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-29-2021