| I-Grey Iron Ukuqhathanisa | I-Microstructure (Izingxenye Zevolumu) (((()) | |||
| I-China (GB/T 9439) | ISO 185 | I-ASTM A48/A48M | I-EN 1561 | Isakhiwo se-Matrix |
| I-HT100 (HT10-26) | 100 | No.20 F11401 | EN-GJL-100 | I-Pearlite: 30-70％, ama-flakes ama-coarse; I-Ferrite: 30-70％; I-Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: ＜7％ |
| I-HT150 (HT15-33) | 150 | No.25A F11701 | EN-GJL-150 | I-Pearlite: 40-90％, ama-flakes ama-coarse aphakathi; I-Ferrite: 10-60％; I-Binary Phosphorus Eutectic:＜7％ |
| I-HT200 (HT20-40) | 200 | No.30A F12101 | EN-GJL-200 | I-Pearlite: ＞95％, ama-flakes aphakathi; I-Ferrite＜5％; I-Binary Phosphorus Eutectic (4) |
| I-HT250 (HT25-47) | 250 | No.35A F12401 No.40A F12801 | EN-GJL-250 | I-Pearlite: ＞98％ ama-flakes amancane amancane; I-Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: ＜2％ |
| I-HT300 (HT30-54) | 300 | No.45A F13301 | EN-GJL-300 | I-Pearlite: ＞98％ ama-flakes amancane amancane; I-Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: ＜2％ |
| I-HT350 (HT35-61) | 350 | No.50A F13501 | EN-GJL-350 | I-Pearlite: ＞98％ ama-flakes amancane amancane; I-Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: ＜1％ |
Izici kazibuthe zensimbi empunga ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kusukela ekungeneni okuphansi namandla okuphoqeleka aphezulu ukuya ekungeneni okuphezulu namandla aphansi okuphoqeleka. Lezi zinguquko zincike kakhulu ku-microstructure ye-grey cast iron. Ukwengeza izakhi ze-alloying ukuthola izakhiwo ezidingekayo kazibuthe kufinyelelwa ngokushintsha ukwakheka kwe-grey cast iron.
I-Ferrite ine-permeability yamagnetic ephezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis ephansi; i-pearlite ihluke nje, inokungena okuphansi kazibuthe kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwe-hysteresis. I-Pearlite yakheka ibe yi-ferrite ngokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-anneal, okungakhuphula amandla kazibuthe izikhathi ezine. Ukwandisa okusanhlamvu kwe-ferrite kunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis. Ukuba khona kwe-cementite kuzonciphisa ukuminyana kwe-magnetic flux, ukuvuthwa kanye nokuhlala kabusha, ngenkathi kukhulisa ukuvuthwa kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis. Ukuba khona kwe-graphite eqinile kuzonciphisa ukuqina. Ushintsho olusuka ku-A-type graphite (i-graphite emise okwe-flake esatshalaliswa ngokufanayo ngaphandle kwesiqondiso) ukuya ku-graphite yohlobo lwe-D (igraphite egoqwe kahle enokusabalalisa okungaqondile phakathi kwama-dendrites) ingakhuphula kakhulu ukungeniswa kukazibuthe namandla okuphoqa .
Ngaphambi kokufinyelela izinga lokushisa elibalulekile elingelona uzibuthe, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwandisa kakhulu amandla kazibuthe ensimbi empunga. Iphoyinti le-Curie lensimbi emsulwa izinga lokushisa lokushintsha elingu-α-γ elingu-770°C. Uma iphesenti elikhulu le-silicon lingu-5%, iphoyinti le-Curie lizofinyelela ku-730°C. Izinga lokushisa le-Curie point likasimende ngaphandle kwe-silicon ngu-205-220°C.
Isakhiwo se-matrix samabanga avame ukusetshenziswa ensimbi empunga ngokuyinhloko yi-pearlite, futhi ukufinyeleleka kwawo okuphezulu kuphakathi kuka-309-400 μH/m.
I-Magnetic Properties ye-Grey Cast Iron | |||||||
| Ikhodi Yensimbi Empunga | Ukwakhiwa Kwekhemikhali (%) | ||||||
| C | Si | Mn | S | P | Ni | Cr | |
| A | 3.12 | 2.22 | 0.67 | 0.067 | 0.13 | ＜0.03 | 0.04 |
| B | 3.30 | 2.04 | 0.52 | 0.065 | 1.03 | 0.34 | 0.25 |
| C | 3.34 | 0.83 - 0.91 | 0.20 - 0.33 | 0.021 - 0.038 | 0.025 - 0.048 | 0.04 | ＜0.02 |
| Izakhiwo Zezibuthe | A | B | C | ||||
| I-Pearlite | I-Ferrite | I-Pearlite | I-Ferrite | I-Pearlite | I-Ferrite | ||
| I-Carbide Carbon w(%) | 0.70 | 0.06 | 0.77 | 0.11 | 0.88 | / | |
| Ukuphila / T | 0.413 | 0.435 | 0.492 | 0.439 | 0.5215 | 0.6185 | |
| I-Coercive Force / A•m-1 | 557 | 199 | 716 | 279 | 637 | 199 | |
| Ukulahlekelwa Kwe-Hysteresis / J•m-3•Hz-1 (B=1T) | 2696 | -696 | 2729 | 1193 | 2645 | 938 | |
| Amandla Ensimu Yezibuthe / kA•m-1 (B=1T) | 15.9 | -5.9 | 8.7 | 8.0 | 6.2 | 4.4 | |
| Ubukhulu. I-Magnetic Permeability / μH•m-1 | 396 | 1960 | 353 | 955 | 400 | 1703 | |
| Amandla Enkambu Yamagnetic lapho I-Max. I-Magnetic Permeability / A•m-1 | 637 | 199 | 1035 | 318 | 1114 | 239 | |
| Ukungazweli / μΩ•m | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 0.42 | 0.37 | |
Nazi izici zemishini ye-grey cast iron:
Izakhiwo Zemishini Ye-Grey Cast Iron | |||||||
| Into ngokuya nge-DIN EN 1561 | Kala | Iyunithi | EN-GJL-150 | EN-GJL-200 | EN-GJL-250 | EN-GJL-300 | EN-GJL-350 |
| EN-JL 1020 | EN-JL 1030 | EN-JL 1040 | EN-JL 1050 | EN-JL 1060 | |||
| Amandla Okuqina | Rm | I-MPA | 150-250 | 200-300 | 250-350 | 300-400 | 350-450 |
| 0.1% Amandla Esivuno | Rp0,1 | I-MPA | 98-165 | 130-195 | 165-228 | 195-260 | 228-285 |
| Amandla Elongation | A | % | 0,3 – 0,8 | 0,3 – 0,8 | 0,3 – 0,8 | 0,3 – 0,8 | 0,3 – 0,8 |
| Amandla Acindezelayo | σdB | I-MPa | 600 | 720 | 840 | 960 | 1080 |
| 0,1% Amandla Acindezelayo | σd0,1 | I-MPa | 195 | 260 | 325 | 390 | 455 |
| Amandla e-Flexural | σbB | I-MPa | 250 | 290 | 340 | 390 | 490 |
| I-Schuifspanning | σaB | I-MPa | 170 | 230 | 290 | 345 | 400 |
| Shear Stress | I-TTB | I-MPa | 170 | 230 | 290 | 345 | 400 |
| Amamojula we-elasticity | E | I-GPa | 78-103 | 88-113 | 103 – 118 | 108 – 137 | 123 – 143 |
| Inombolo ye-Poisson | v | - | 0,26 | 0,26 | 0,26 | 0,26 | 0,26 |
| Ukuqina kweBrinell | HB | 160-190 | 180 – 220 | 190-230 | 200 - 240 | 210 - 250 | |
| I-Ductility | σbW | I-MPa | 70 | 90 | 120 | 140 | 145 |
| Ukushuba nokucindezela kuyashintsha | σzdW | I-MPa | 40 | 50 | 60 | 75 | 85 |
| Breaking Amandla | Klc | N/mm3/2 | 320 | 400 | 480 | 560 | 650 |
| Ukuminyana | g/cm3 | 7,10 | 7,15 | 7,20 | 7,25 | 7,30 | |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-12-2021