Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-casting alloys, insimbi eyinsimbi engagqoki iyinsimbi esetshenziswa kabanzi. Insimbi engagudluki engagqoki ithuthukisa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqokwa kweizinsimbi zensimbingokwengeza okuqukethwe okuhlukile kwezakhi ze-alloying, njenge-manganese, i-chromium, ikhabhoni, njll., ku-alloy. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukumelana nokugqokwa kwama-castings ensimbi angagugi nakho kuncike endleleni yokwelapha ukushisa esetshenziswa yi-isisekelokanye nesakhiwo sokubunjwa.
Ngokwezici zokugqokwa ezihlukene, ukugqokwa kwensimbi kungahlukaniswa kube ukuguguleka, ukunamathela okunamathelayo, ukukhathala, ukugqwala nokugqokwa okukhathazayo. Izinsimbi zensimbi ezingagqoki zisetshenziswa kakhuluizimbonienezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza kwemishini, njengezimayini, i-metallurgy,ukwakhiwa, amandla, i-petrochemical, ukongiwa kwamanzi,ezolimokanye nezimboni zezokuthutha. Ama-casting ensimbi angagugi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimeni zokuhuzuka ezinomthwalo othize womthelela, njengezisetshenziswa zokugaya, ama-excavators, ama-crusher, ogandaganda, njll.
Embonini ye-Foundry, izinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zensimbi eqinile engagugi zihlanganisa insimbi ye-manganese engagugi, insimbi engagugi ye-chromium, insimbi engagugi ye-alloy ephansi kanye nensimbi engagugi ye-carbon. Kwa-RMC Foundry, insimbi engaguquki engagqoki ingaphonswa izinqubo eziningana zokuphonsa ezihlanganisaukuphonsa isihlabathi esiluhlaza, ukufakwa kwesihlabathi esimbozwe inhlaka, ukubunjwa kwesikhunta esingabhaki, ukutshala imali, ukuphonswa kwegwebu okulahlekile kanyeukukhishwa kwe-vacuum.
1) Insimbi YeManganese Engagqoki
Ngokuya kokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-manganese, insimbi engagugi ye-manganese yokusakazwa ihlukaniswe kakhulu ibe yinsimbi esakazwayo ekwazi ukumelana nokugqokwa kwe-manganese, insimbi esakazwayo ekwazi ukumelana nokugqokwa kwe-manganese emaphakathi kanye nensimbi esakazwayo engagugi ne-manganese ephezulu. Insimbi ye-manganese engagqoki inokuqina okuphezulu futhi akulula ukuyiphuka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuqinisa umsebenzi, ngakho-ke insimbi ye-manganese engagqoki ifanele izimo zokugqoka ezi-abrasive.
Amabanga asetshenziswa kakhulu ensimbi ye-manganese engagugi ekubunjweni yilawa: M13 (Hadfield Steel), Mn5, Mn6, Mn7, Mn8, Mn17 ZG120Mn7Mo1, ZG120Mn13, ZG120Mn13Cr2, J9119, J911130, J91139, J91139, J9 njll.
2) Insimbi ye-Chrome engagqoki
Insimbi engagugi ye-chromium yokusakaza ilungisa ukuqina nokumelana nokuguga kwensimbi ecijile ngokwengeza inani elifanele le-chromium kunsimbi yengxubevange. Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kunsimbi ye-carbon steel kungathuthukisa ukuqina kwensimbi ekhonjiwe futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwensimbi ekhonjiwe. Ukwengeza inani elincane le-molybdenum kungathuthukisa ukuqina kwensimbi ekhonjiwe. Indlela yokwelapha ukushisa yensimbi ye-chromium engagqoki ngokuvamile ivala izinga lokushisa eliphezulu + izinga lokushisa eliphansi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi njengoba okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi ye-chromium engagqoki kwanda nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ubulukhuni bensimbi yensimbi buzokhula, kodwa ukuqina kwayo kuzokwehla.
Amabanga asetshenziswa kakhulu ensimbi ye-chromium engagugi ekubunjweni yilawa: ZG30CrMo, ZG35CrMo, ZG40Cr, ZG40CrMo, ZG42CrMo, ZG50CrMo, njll.
3) Insimbi Yokusakaza Engavimbeli I-Wear-Low-alloy
Insimbi ye-alloy ephansi ibhekisela kunsimbi ye-alloy enokuqukethwe kwe-alloying engaphansi kuka-5%. Njengoba ukuqina nokuqina kwensimbi ye-low-alloy cast kungalungiswa ebangeni elikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, insimbi engagugi ye-low-alloy cast isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi kabanzi. Lapho ukhetha insimbi esakazwayo kanye nendlela yokwelapha ukushisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ngokugcwele amandla, amandla omthelela kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa kwensimbi esakazwayo ekwazi ukumelana ne-alloy ephansi ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Izinto ezivamile ze-alloying kunsimbi esakazwayo ekwazi ukumelana ne-alloy ephansi zifaka i-molybdenum, i-chromium, i-manganese, i-nickel, ne-silicon.
Amabanga asetshenziswa kakhulu ensimbi ene-alloy esezingeni eliphansi elingagugi: ZG30Mn2Si, ZG30Mn2SiCr, ZG30CrMnSiMo, ZG30CrNiMo, ZG40CrNiMo, njll.
4) Insimbi Yekhabhoni Engagqoki
Ukumelana nokugqokwa kwensimbi ye-carbon ikakhulukazi kutholakala ngokuqiniswa kwendawo yokubunjwa kwensimbi. Uma okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungaphezu kuka-0.35%, ukuqina kokungeniswa kwendawo kuvame ukusetshenziswa endaweni yokubunjwa kwensimbi. Lapho okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungaphansi kuka-0.35%, i-carbon steel castings ingafakwa i-carburized, i-nitrided noma i-carbonitrided ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwayo nokugqokwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-02-2021