Ngokomehluko wesihlabathi esisetshenziselwa ukwenza isikhunta sokubunjwa, inqubo yokuphonsa isihlabathi ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene, njengeukuphonsa isihlabathi esiluhlaza, ukuphonswa kwesihlabathi esimboziwe (ukubunjwa kwamagobolondo), ukujikijela isihlabathi esiziqinisayo kanye nokukhipha isihlabathi esomile (ukuphonswa kwegwebu okulahlekile nokukhipha i-vacuum). Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokuyinhloko izinqubo ezintathu zokuphonsa isihlabathi ezilandelayo:
I-Green Sand Casting
Isihlabathi esiluhlaza ngokuyisisekelo siyingxube emanzi yesihlabathi nobumba, awekho amakhemikhali afakwayo. Isikhunta sesihlabathi sikhanywa ndawonye futhi sibambe isimo saso. Ukukhethwa kwesihlabathi kuhlobene kakhulu nezinga lokushisa lapho insimbi ithululelwa khona. Emazingeni okushisa okuthelwa ngawo ithusi nensimbi, ubumba lwenza lungasebenzi ngenxa yokushisa, okuwubumba olungandi. Ngakho esikhundleni salokho, lezo ezithela insimbi ngokuvamile zisebenza nesihlabathi se-silica esingabizi kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa nezinye izihlabathi.
I-Resin-coated Sand Shell Casting
Ama-resin binder ayizinsini ezincibilika zemvelo noma zokwenziwa. Kukhona futhi ama-resin asethwe ngokubanda, asebenzisa i-catalyst esikhundleni sokushisa ukwelapha i-binder. Izibophezelo ze-resin zithandwa kakhulu ngoba izakhiwo ezahlukene zingatholakala ngokuxuba nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye izinzuzo zifaka ukugoqeka okuhle, i-gassing ephansi, futhi zishiya ukuqedwa okuhle kwendawo ekusakazeni. Inqubo yokukhipha isikhunta se-Shell inikezela ngokuqedwa okungcono kwendawo, ukubekezelelwa okungcono kobukhulu, nokuphuma okuphezulu ngenxa yezikhathi ezincishisiwe zomjikelezo. Izinto ezingasetshenziswa ngale nqubo ziyizinsimbi eziphonsiwe, ne-aluminium ne-alloys yethusi. Iinqubo yokubunjwa kwegobolondoikhiqiza izixazululo zokonga izindleko zomumo onzima, imikhumbi yokucindezela, izingxenye ezizwelayo isisindo, kanye nokulingisa okudinga ukuqedwa okuphezulu kwendawo.
Ukulingisa kwesihlabathi okuziqinisayo
"Isihlabathi esiziqinisayo" yigama elivele ngemuva kokuthi imboni ye-Foundry yamukele izibophezelo zamakhemikhali. Enqubweni yokuxuba isihlabathi, ngaphezu kokwengeza i-binder, i-ejenti yokuqinisa (ukuqina) engakwazi ukuqinisa i-binder nayo yengezwa. Ngemuva kokubumba kanye nokwenza umgogodla ngalolu hlobo lwesihlabathi, akukho ukwelashwa (okufana nokomisa noma ukufutha igesi eqinisayo) okusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa isikhunta noma umgogodla, futhi isikhunta noma umgogodla ungaqina ngokwawo.
Ngenxa yokuthi isikhunta sakhiwe ekamelweni lokushisa futhi asikho isidingo sokushisa, ukukhishwa kwesihlabathi esiziqinisayo kubizwa nangokuthi inqubo yokukhipha okungabhaki. Indlela yokuziqinisa ingahlukaniswa nge-acid-catalyzed furan resin kanye ne-phenolic resin sand self-harding method, i-urethane resin sand self-harding method kanye ne-phenolic monoester self-harding method.
I-Furan resin self-hard-harding sand casting process (inqubo ye-nobake) isebenzisa isihlabathi esimbozwe nge-furan resin ukwenza isikhunta sokuphonsa. Ngemva kokuxuba isihlabathi sokuqala (noma isihlabathi esibuyisiwe), i-liquid furan resin kanye ne-liquid catalyst ngokulinganayo, bese uyigcwalisa ebhokisini eliwumgogodla (noma ibhokisi lesihlabathi), bese uyiqinisa ukuze iqine ibe isikhunta noma isikhunta ebhokisini eliyinhloko (noma isihlabathi. box) ekamelweni lokushisa. Kwabe sekwakhiwa isikhunta sokuphonsa noma umgogodla wokuphonsa, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuziqinisa kwebhokisi elibandayo (umgogodla), noma indlela yokuziqinisa (umgogodla).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2021