Izindlela Zokuhlanganisa

Phakathi nenqubo yokuphonsa, ukuqiniswa kokubunjwa kwenzeka lapho insimbi encibilikisiwe ishintsha isuka oketshezini iye esimweni esiqinile. Le nqubo ingahlukaniswa kabanzi ngezinqubo ezintathu:i-nucleation, ukukhula kwe-dendritic, futhiukwakheka kwesakhiwo sokusanhlamvu. Ngesikhathi se-nucleation, izinhlayiya ezincane eziqinile zakha ngaphakathi kwensimbi ewuketshezi. Lawa ma-nuclei akhula abe yizinhlaka ze-dendritic, eziphuma ngephethini efana nesihlahla. Isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu sokugcina seukusakazakunqunywa ukukhula kwalawa ma-dendrite nokusebenzelana kwawo nendawo yokupholisa.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-alloys ahlukahlukene

Ama-alloys ahlukene aqina ngezindlela ezihlukile, ethonywa ukwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ezishisayo:

Ama-aluminium Alloys: Ama-alloys e-aluminium ngokuvamile abonisa izinga eliphezulu lokumanzi, okuvumela ukulingwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokunodonga oluncane. Ukuqina kwabo kuvame ukubandakanya ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sokusanhlamvu esihle, esilinganayo. Kodwa-ke, ama-alloys e-aluminium athambekele ekunciphiseni i-porosity kanye nokuklebhuka okushisayo, okungathinta ikhwalithi yokuphonsa.

Insimbi kanyeAma-alloys ensimbi: I-cast iron iqina ngesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwekhabhoni ephezulu, yakhe ama-graphite flakes noma ama-nodule. Ukuqiniswa kwama-alloys ensimbi kuhilela ukwakheka kwama-austenite dendrites, aguquka abe yi-ferrite ne-pearlite lapho epholisa. Izinga lokupholisa kanye nokwakheka kwe-alloy kuthonya kakhulu ukwakheka kokusanhlamvu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini zokuphonsa.

I-Copper Alloys: Ama-alloys ethusi, njengethusi nethusi, aqina ngekholomu noma isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu esilinganayo. Lawa ma-alloys athambekele ekuhlukaniseni, lapho izakhi ezihlukene ku-alloy zihlukana ngesikhathi sokuqina, okuholela ekuhlukeni kokwakheka kanye nezakhiwo ngaphakathi kokusakazwa.