Izinsimbi ze-alloy ezimaphakathi neziphansi ziyiqembu elikhulu lezinsimbi ze-alloy ezinezakhi ze-alloying (ikakhulukazi izakhi zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-silicon, i-manganese, i-chromium, i-molybdenum, i-nickel, ithusi ne-vanadium) engaphansi kuka-8%. Ukukhishwa kwensimbi ye-alloy emaphakathi nephansi kunokuqina okuhle, futhi izakhiwo ezinhle ezihlanganisayo zemishini zingatholakala ngemuva kokwelashwa okufanele kokushisa.
Izicaciso Zokwelashwa Kokushisa Kwezinsimbi Zensimbi Eyingxube Ephansi Namaphakathi
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| Ibanga | Isigaba Sensimbi | Imininingwane Yokwelashwa Kokushisa | |||
| Indlela Yokwelapha | Izinga lokushisa / ℃ | Indlela Yokupholisa | Ukuqina / HBW | ||
| ZG16Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 600 | ||||
| ZG22Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 880 - 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 155 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 680 - 700 | ||||
| ZG25Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukushisa noma ukufudumala | / | / | 155 - 170 |
| ZG25Mn2 | Insimbi yeManganese | 200 - 250 | |||
| ZG30Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | 160 - 170 | |||
| ZG35Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 850 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 560 - 600 | ||||
| I-ZG40Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 850 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 163 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG40Mn2 | Insimbi yeManganese | Anealing | 870 - 890 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | 187-255 |
| Ukucisha | 830 - 850 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | |||
| Ukuthuthumela | 350 - 450 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | |||
| ZG45Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 840 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 196-235 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG45Mn2 | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 840 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | ≥ 179 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG50Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 860 - 880 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 180 - 220 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 570 - 640 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG50Mn2 | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 850 - 880 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG65Mn | Insimbi yeManganese | Ukujwayela | 840 - 860 | / | 187-241 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 600 - 650 | ||||
| ZG20SiMn | Insimbi yeSilico-Manganese | Ukujwayela | 900 - 920 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 156 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 570 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG30SiMn | Insimbi yeSilico-Manganese | Ukujwayela | 870 - 890 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 570 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| Ukucisha | 840 - 880 | Ukupholisa emafutheni/emanzini | / | ||
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG35SiMn | Insimbi yeSilico-Manganese | Ukujwayela | 860 - 880 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 163-207 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| Ukucisha | 840 - 860 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | 196-255 | ||
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG45SiMn | Insimbi yeSilico-Manganese | Ukujwayela | 860 - 880 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 520 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG20MnMo | Insimbi yeManganese Molybdenum | Ukujwayela | 860 - 880 | / | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 520 - 680 | ||||
| I-ZG30CrMnSi | I-Chromium Manganese Silicon Steel | Ukujwayela | 800 - 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 202 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 400 - 450 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG35CrMnSi | I-Chromium Manganese Silicon Steel | Ukujwayela | 800 - 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | ≤ 217 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 400 - 450 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| Ukujwayela | 830 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / | ||
| 830 - 860 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | ||||
| Ukuthuthumela | 520 - 680 | Ukupholisa emoyeni/esithandweni | |||
| ZG35SiMnMo | Insimbi ye-Silico-manganese-molybdenum | Ukujwayela | 880 - 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 650 | Ukupholisa emoyeni/esithandweni | |||
| Ukucisha | 840 - 860 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | / | ||
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG30Cr | Insimbi ye-Chrome | Ukucisha | 840 - 860 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | ≤ 212 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 540 - 680 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG40Cr | Insimbi ye-Chrome | Ukujwayela | 860 - 880 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | ≤ 212 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 520 - 680 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| Ukujwayela | 830 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 229 - 321 | ||
| Ukucisha | 830 - 860 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | |||
| Ukuthuthumela | 525 - 680 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG50Cr | Insimbi ye-Chrome | Ukucisha | 825 - 850 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | ≥ 248 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 540 - 680 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG70Cr | Insimbi ye-Chrome | Ukujwayela | 840 - 860 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | ≥ 217 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 630 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| ZG35SiMo | Insimbi ye-Silicon Molybdenum | Ukujwayela | 880 - 900 | / | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 560 - 580 | ||||
| ZG20Mo | Insimbi ye-Molybdenum | Ukujwayela | 900 - 920 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 135 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 600 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG20CrMo | Insimbi ye-Chrome-molybdenum | Ukujwayela | 880 - 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | 135 |
| Ukuthuthumela | 600 - 650 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| I-ZG35CrMo | Insimbi ye-Chrome-molybdenum | Ukujwayela | 880 - 900 | Ukupholisa emoyeni | / |
| Ukuthuthumela | 550 - 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
| Ukucisha | 850 | Ukupholisa emafutheni | 217 | ||
| Ukuthuthumela | 600 | Ukupholisa esithandweni | |||
Izici Zokwelashwa Kokushisa Kokusakaza Kwensimbi Yengxubevange Emaphakathi Nephansi:
1. Izinsimbi zensimbi eyingxubevange emaphakathi neziphansi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zemishini ezifana nezimoto, ogandaganda, izitimela, imishini yokwakha, namasistimu asebenza ngamanzi. Lezi zimboni zidinga ukulingisa ngamandla amahle kanye nokuqina. Ngokusakazwa okudinga amandla aqinile angaphansi kuka-650 MPa, ukwelashwa kokushisa okujwayelekile + kusetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile; ngokusakazwa kwensimbi ye-alloy ephakathi nendawo nephansi edinga amandla aqinile angaphezu kuka-650 MPa, ukucisha + ukushisa okuphezulu kokushisa ukushisa kuyasetshenziswa. Ngemuva kokucisha nokushisa, isakhiwo se-metallurgical ye-steel casting yi-sorbite epholile, ukuze uthole amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuhle. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukubunjwa nobukhulu bokubunjwa kungafaneleki ukucisha, i-normalization + tempering kufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sokucisha nokushisa.
2. Kungcono ukwenza i-normalization noma i-normalization + pretreatment yokushisa ngaphambi kokucisha nokushisa kwensimbi yensimbi ye-alloy ephakathi nephansi. Ngale ndlela, uhlamvu lwekristalu lwensimbi yensimbi lungacwengwa kanye nomfaniswano wesakhiwo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise umphumela wokwelapha wokugcina wokucisha kanye nokushisa, futhi futhi kusize ukugwema imiphumela emibi yokucindezeleka kokuphonsa ngaphakathi kokuphonsa.
3. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokucisha, i-medium and low alloy steel castings kufanele ithole isakhiwo se-martensite ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze kuzuzwe lo mgomo, izinga lokushisa lokucisha kanye nendawo yokupholisa kufanele kukhethwe ngokwezinga lensimbi ekhonjiwe, ukuqina, ukujiya kodonga lokuphonsa, ukuma nezinye izici.
4. Ukuze ulungise isakhiwo sokucisha insimbi yensimbi futhi uqede ukucindezeleka kokucisha, i-medium and low alloy steel castings kufanele ifakwe ngokushesha ngemva kokucima.
5. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokunganciphisi amandla okusakazwa kwensimbi, ukulingwa kwensimbi okune-medium-carbon low-alloy high-strengtion kungaqiniswa. Ukwelashwa okuqinile kungathuthukisa ipulasitiki kanye nokuqina kokusakazwa kwensimbi.
Izinga Lokushisa Nokuqina Kwensimbi Ephansi Yengxubevange ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-QT
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| Ibanga Lensimbi Ephansi Nelimaphakathi | I-Quenching Temperature / ℃ | I-Tempering Temperature / ℃ | Ukuqina / HBW |
| I-ZG40Mn2 | 830 - 850 | 530 - 600 | 269 - 302 |
| ZG35Mn | 870 - 890 | 580 - 600 | ≥ 195 |
| ZG35SiMnMo | 880 - 920 | 550 - 650 | / |
| I-ZG40Cr1 | 830 - 850 | 520 - 680 | / |
| I-ZG35Cr1Mo | 850 - 880 | 590 - 610 | / |
| I-ZG42Cr1Mo | 850 - 860 | 550 - 600 | 200 - 250 |
| I-ZG50Cr1Mo | 830 - 860 | 540 - 680 | 200 - 270 |
| I-ZG30CrNiMo | 860 - 870 | 600 - 650 | ≥ 220 |
| I-ZG34Cr2Ni2Mo | 840 - 860 | 550 -600 | 241 - 341 |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-31-2021