1- Kuyini CNC Machining?
Imishini ye-CNC isho inqubo yenqubo yokuchofoza eqhutshwa yi-Computerized Numberical Control (i-CNC ngamafuphi). Kusizwa yi-CNC ukufinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu nokuzinzile ngezindleko zabasebenzi ezingaphansi. Imachining yinoma yiziphi izinqubo ezahlukahlukene lapho ucezu lwento eluhlaza lusikwa lube sesimweni sokugcina nosayizi ngenqubo elawulwayo yokususa impahla. Izinqubo ezinalesi sihloko esivamile, ukususwa kwempahla okulawulwayo, namuhla sezaziwa ngokuhlanganyela njengokukhiqiza okususayo, ngokuhlukile kunezinqubo zokufakwa kwempahla okulawulwayo, ezaziwa njengokukhiqiza okungeziwe.
Ngokuqondile okuchazwa yingxenye “yolawulo” lwencazelo ingahluka, kepha cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kusikisela ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi omshini (ngaphezu kwamathuluzi nje kagesi kanye namathuluzi esandla). Le yinqubo esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwemikhiqizo eminingi yensimbi, kepha ingasetshenziswa ezintweni ezinjengokhuni, ipulasitiki, i-ceramic, nezinhlanganisela. I-CNC machining ihlanganisa izinqubo eziningi ezahlukahlukene njengokugaya, ukujika, i-lathing, imishini, i-honing, ukugaya ... njll.
2- Yikuphi Ukubekezelelana Okungafinyelelwa yi-CNC Machining?
Futhi okubizwa ngokunemba machining, i-machining ye-CNC ingafinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu ekubekezelelaneni kweJomethri nokubekezelela okukodwa. Ngemishini yethu ye-CNC kanye ne-Horizontal Machining Centres (HMC) kanye ne-Vertical Machining Centres (VMC), cishe singahlangabezana nawo wonke amamaki akho okubekezelelana adingekayo.
3- Siyini Isikhungo Semishini futhi Sisebenza Kanjani?
Isikhungo machining ithuthukiswa kusukela CNC umshini wokugaya. Umehluko omkhulu kunayo yonke emshinini wokugaya we-CNC ukuthi isikhungo semishini sinamandla wokushintshanisa ngokuzenzakalela amathuluzi wokuchofoza. Ngokufaka amathuluzi ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene kumagazini wethuluzi, amathuluzi wokuchofoza ku-spindle angashintshwa yisishintshi samathuluzi esizenzakalelayo kokucindezela okukodwa ukubona izici eziningi zemishini.
Isikhungo se-CNC machining siyithuluzi lomshini elizisebenzelayo elisebenza kahle elenziwa ngemishini yokulungisa izinto kanye nohlelo lwe-CNC futhi elifanele ukucubungula izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. I-CNC machining centre okwamanje ingenye yamathuluzi womshini we-CNC asetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni onamandla wokucubungula anamandla. Ingakwazi ukuqedela okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kokucubungula ngemuva kokuthi into yokusebenza icindezelwe ngasikhathi sinye. Ukunemba kokusebenza kuphezulu. Okwenzelwe ama-batch okunobunzima bokucubungula okuphakathi, ukusebenza kwawo kahle kuphindwe ka-5-10 kunalokho kwemishini ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi kungagcwalisa ukucutshungulwa okuningi okungenakuqedwa yimishini ejwayelekile kulungele ukucutshungulwa okukodwa ngezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu noma ukukhiqizwa kweqoqo elincane naphakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi. Igxila emisebenzini yokugaya, ukubhoreka, ukubhola, ukuthepha nokusika imicu kudivayisi eyodwa, ukuze ibe nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe.
Izikhungo machining zihlukaniswa enezingqimba futhi mpo machining izikhungo ngokusho isikhundla sazo sendawo ngesikhathi machining othini lokuphotha. Ahlukaniswe ngokwenqubo yokusetshenziswa: isidina nesikhungo sokugaya imishini, isikhungo semishini esimbaxa. Ngokuya ngezigaba ezikhethekile zemisebenzi, kukhona: ibhentshi elilodwa lomsebenzi, ibhentshi lokusebenzela eliphindwe kabili kanye nendawo yokusebenza ngemishini eminingi. Izikhungo zemishini ezine-eksisi eyodwa, ama-eksisi amabili, ama-eksisi amathathu, ama-eksisi amane, ama-eksisi amahlanu nama-headstocks ashintshanayo, njll.
4- Kuyini CNC Milling?
Milling ukulungisa blank (kukhiqizwa thusi, UKWAKHA noma enye inqubo ukwakha insimbi), bese usebenzisa ngesivinini ligijima ligaya umsiki ukuhambisa elingenalutho ukusika bobunjwa ezidingekayo kanye nezici. Ukugaya kwendabuko kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukugaya izici zomumo ezilula ezinjenge-contours nama-grooves. Umshini wokugaya we-CNC ungacubungula ubujamo obunzima nezici. Isikhungo sokugaya kanye nesidina semishini singenza i-axis-axis noma i-multi-axis milling kanye nokucubungula okuyisicefe, okusetshenziselwa ukucubungula, isikhunta, amathuluzi wokuhlola, isikhunta, indawo ebiyelwe enezindonga ezincanyana, ukufakelwa okufakelwayo, izindwani, njll.
5- Kuyini i-CNC Lathing?
I-Lathing isebenzisa ithuluzi lokujika ukuvula umsebenzi wokujikeleza. Ama-lathes asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi imishini yensimbi, amadiski, imikhono nezinye izinto zokusebenza ezijikelezayo noma ezingashintshashintshayo ezinezindawo ezijikelezayo, ezinjengezindawo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ze-cylindrical, izakhiwo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle eziyindilinga, ubuso bokuphela, ama-grooves, imicu, kanye nezindawo ezakha i-rotary. Amathuluzi asetshenzisiwe ikakhulukazi ajika ummese. Ngesikhathi sokujika, amandla okusika okuphenduka ikakhulukazi ahlinzekwa yi-workpiece kunethuluzi.
Ukuguqula kuyindlela yokusika eyisisekelo futhi ejwayelekile, futhi ithatha isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. Ukuguqula uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lokucubungula ithuluzi lomshini ekukhiqizeni ngomshini. Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamathuluzi omshini wokusika wensimbi, ama-lathes enza cishe u-50% wenani eliphelele lamathuluzi omshini. I-lathe ayikwazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuphendulela kuphela ukuvula i-workpiece, kodwa futhi isebenzisa ama-drill, ama-reamers, ompompi namathuluzi wokugoqa wokubhola, ukuvula kabusha, ukuthepha nokusebenza kwe-knurling. Ngokuya ngezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zenqubo, amafomu wesakhiwo nezici zesakhiwo, izihlokwana zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaxa ezivundlile, izihlalo eziphansi, izihibe eziqondile, izihlakala ze-turret kanye ne-profiling lathes, phakathi kwazo iningi lezintambo eziqondile.