1- Yini i-CNC Machining?
I-CNC machining isho inqubo yokwenza imishini eqhutshwa yiComputerized Numberical Control (CNC ngamafuphi). Isizwa yi-CNC ukuze ifinyelele ukunemba okuphezulu nokungaguquguquki ngezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi. Ukumayinisa noma yiziphi izinqubo ezihlukahlukene lapho ucezu lwempahla eluhlaza lusikwa lube yisimo sokugcina esifiselekayo kanye nosayizi ngenqubo elawulwayo yokususwa kwempahla. Izinqubo ezinale timu evamile, ukususwa kwezinto ezilawulwayo, namuhla zihlangene zaziwa ngokuthi zikhiphayoukukhiqiza ngokunemba, ngokungafani nezinqubo zokwengezwa kwezinto ezilawulwayo, ezaziwa njengokukhiqiza okungeziwe.
Impela lokho okushiwo ingxenye “elawulwayo” yencazelo kungahluka, kodwa cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kusho ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi omshini (ngaphezu kwamathuluzi wamandla namathuluzi ezandla). Lena inqubo esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza eziningiimikhiqizo yensimbi, kodwa ingasetshenziswa nasezintweni ezinjengokhuni, ipulasitiki, i-ceramic, nezinhlanganisela. ICNC imishiniihlanganisa izinqubo eziningi ezihlukene ezifana nokugaya, ukujika, ukugaya, ukubhola, ukucija, ukugaya... njll.
2- Yikuphi Ukubekezelela Okungafinyelelwa Yi-CNC Machining?
Okubizwa nangokuthi ukunemba kwemishini, umshini we-CNC ungafinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu ekubekezeleni kwe-geometical nokubekezelelana kobukhulu. Ngemishini yethu ye-CNC kanye Nezikhungo Zomashini Ezivundlile (HMC) kanye Nezikhungo Zomashini Eziqondile (VMC), yethuCNC ukunemba machining izingxenyecishe ukuhlangabezana nawo wonke amabanga akho adingekayo okubekezela.
3- Iyini Isikhungo Somshini futhi Sisebenza Kanjani?
Isikhungo semishini sakhiwe ngomshini wokugaya we-CNC. Umehluko omkhulu emshinini wokugaya we-CNC ukuthi isikhungo somshini sinamandla okushintshanisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amathuluzi omshini. Ngokufaka amathuluzi ngezinjongo ezihlukene kumagazini wamathuluzi, amathuluzi omshini ku-spindle angashintshwa isiguquli sethuluzi esizenzakalelayo ekubambeni okukodwa ukuze kubonakale izici eziningi zokwenza imishini.
Isikhungo somshini we-CNC siyithuluzi lomshini ozishintshayo elisebenza kahle kakhulu elakhiwe imishini yemishini kanye nesistimu ye-CNC futhi ifanele ukucubungula izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isikhungo semishini ye-CNC njengamanje singelinye lamathuluzi omshini we-CNC asetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni anekhono eliqinile lokucubungula elibanzi. Ingaqedela okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kokucubungula ngemva kokuthi ucezu lokusebenza luboshiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukunemba kokucubungula kuphezulu. Ezingxenyeni ze-batch machining ezinobunzima bokucubungula okuphakathi, ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-5-10 kunemishini evamile, ikakhulukazi ingakwazi ukuqedela ukucubungula okuningi okungenakuqedwa ngemishini evamile ifaneleka kakhulu ukucutshungulwa kwesiqephu esisodwa esinobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu. noma ukukhiqizwa kweqoqo elincane neliphakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi. Igxilisa imisebenzi yokugaya, ukubhora, ukubhola, ukucofa kanye nokusika izintambo kudivayisi eyodwa, ukuze ibe nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe.
Izikhungo zomshini zihlukaniswa zibe izikhungo zokumaka ezivundlile neziqondile ngokuya ngendawo yazo ngesikhathi somshini wokuphotha. Ihlukaniswe ngokuya ngenqubo yokusetshenziswa: isikhungo somshini esiyisicefe nesigaywayo, isikhungo somshini esihlanganisiwe. Ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa okukhethekile kwemisebenzi, kukhona: ibhentshi elilodwa lokusebenzela, ibhentshi lokusebenza eliphindwe kabili kanye nesikhungo sokusebenza se-multi-workbench. Izikhungo zomshini ezine-eksisi eyodwa, i-double-eksisi, i-axis emithathu, i-four-eksisi, i-axis emihlanu kanye nesitoko esishintshashintshayo, njll.
4- Yini I-CNC Milling?
Ukugaya ukulungisa okungenalutho (okukhiqizwe nguukuphonsa, ukubumba noma enye inqubo yokwenza insimbi), futhi usebenzise isisiki sokugaya esijikelezayo esinesivinini esikhulu ukuze uhambe endaweni engenalutho ukuze usike izimo ezidingekayo nezici. Ukugaywa kwendabuko kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukugaya izici zomumo ezilula njengamakhontowu nama-grooves. Umshini wokugaya we-CNC ungacubungula izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezici. Isikhungo sokugaya kanye nesidina singenza ama-axis amathathu noma ama-multi-axis milling kanye nokucubungula okuyisicefe, okusetshenziselwa ukucubungula, ukubunjwa, amathuluzi okuhlola, isikhunta, indawo egobile enezindonga ezincane ezigobile, izitho zokufakelwa, izindwani, njll.
5- Iyini i-CNC Lathing?
I-Lathing ikakhulukazi isebenzisa ithuluzi eliphendukayo ukuze iphendule isiqeshana sokusebenza esijikelezayo. Ama-lathes asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza ama-shafts, ama-discs, imikhono nezinye izinto zokusebenza ezijikelezayo noma ezingaphenduki ezinezindawo ezizungezayo, njengendawo engaphakathi nangaphandle eyisilinda, indawo engaphakathi nangaphandle eyi-conical, ubuso bokuphela, imifantu, izintambo, nezindawo ezijikelezayo ezakhayo. Amathuluzi asetshenziswayo ikakhulukazi ummese ophendulayo. Ngesikhathi sokuguqula, amandla okusika okuguqula ahlinzekwa ngokuyinhloko yi-workpiece esikhundleni sethuluzi.
Ukuphenduka kuyindlela eyisisekelo futhi evamile yokusika, futhi ithatha isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. Ukuphenduka kuwuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lokucubungula ithuluzi lomshini ekukhiqizeni ngomshini. Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamathuluzi omshini wokusika insimbi, ama-lathes abalelwa ku-50% yenani eliphelele lamathuluzi omshini. I-lathe ayikwazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuguqula kuphela ukuguqula ucezu lokusebenza, kodwa futhi isebenzise ama-drill, ama-reamers, ompompi namathuluzi okugoqa wokubhoboza, ukubuyisela kabusha, ukucofa kanye nokuguqa. Ngokwezici zezinqubo ezihlukene, amafomu okuhlelwa kanye nezici zesakhiwo, ama-lathes angahlukaniswa abe ama-lathes avundlile, ama-floor lathes, ama-vertical lathes, ama-turret lathes kanye nama-profiling lathes, phakathi kwawo amaningi ama-lathes avundlile.