Insimbi yensimbi isho insimbi esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe- ukukhishwa kwensimbi. Insimbi yokusakaza kufanele isetshenziswe lapho amandla okusakaza ephakeme kakhulu futhi nokusetshenziswa kwensimbi yensimbi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo. Kodwa-ke, uketshezi kwensimbi encibilikisiwe yensimbi yensimbi akukuhle njengokwensimbi yensimbi, ngakho-ke ukushuba kwesakhiwo esithelekayo akufanele kube kuncane kakhulu futhi nomumo akufanele ube yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-silicon kulawulwa emkhawulweni ongaphezulu, ukushuba kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kungathuthukiswa.
Insimbi yensimbi ingahlukaniswa ngensimbi ye-cast alloy bese iphonsa i-carbon steel ngokuya ngamakhemikhali ayo, futhi ingahlukaniswa ngensimbi yensimbi, insimbi ekhethekile, ubunjiniyela kanye nokulingiswa kwesakhiwo nokuphonsa i-alloy steel ngokuya ngezici zayo.
Ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali
1. Sakaza carbon steel. Insimbi yensimbi enekhabhoni njengento eyinhloko yokuhlanganisa izinto kanye nenani elincane lezinye izinto. I-cast carbon steel ingahlukaniswa nge-cast low carbon steel, cast cast carbon carbon futhi iphonsa insimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi yensimbi ephansi engaphansi kuka-0.25%, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi yensimbi ephakathi kuka-0.25% no-0.60%, futhi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi yensimbi ephezulu kuphakathi kuka-0.6% no-3.0%. Amandla nobulukhuni bensimbi yensimbi yekhabhoni iyanda ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni. I-cast carbon steel inezinzuzo ezilandelayo: izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okungcono kanye nepulasitiki ephezulu. I-cast carbon steel ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezithwala imithwalo esindayo, njengezinsimbi zokugaya zensimbi nezisekelo zokucindezela u-hydraulic emishini esindayo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezingaphansi kwamandla amakhulu nomthelela, njengamasondo, ama-couplers, bolsters kanye nohlaka lohlangothi ezimotweni zikaloliwe.
2. Sakaza ingxubevange yensimbi. Ukulingisa ingxubevange yensimbi ingahlukaniswa nge-cast low alloy steel (inani eliphelele le-alloy lingaphansi noma lilingana no-5%), insimbi yengxubevange yensimbi (ingqikithi yezinto ze-alloy zingama-5% kuye ku-10%) bese iphonsa ingxubevange yensimbi ephezulu (ingxubevange ephelele izinto zingaphezulu noma zilingana no-10%).
Ngokusebenzisa izici
1.Ukulingisa ithuluzi lensimbi. Ithuluzi lensimbi lokusakaza lingahlukaniswa libe yinsimbi yensimbi yokulingisa futhi isakaza isikhunta sensimbi.
2. Sakaza insimbi ekhethekile. Ukulingisa insimbi ekhethekile kungahlukaniswa ngensimbi engagqwali yabalingisi, insimbi emelana nokushisa, insimbi engagqoki yokugqoka, i-alloy nickel-based alloy, njll.
3. Sakaza insimbi yobunjiniyela nokwakheka. Insimbi yensimbi yobunjiniyela nesakhiwo ingahlukaniswa ngensimbi eyakhiwe nge-cast carbon kanye nensimbi yesakhiwo.
4.Sakaza ingxubevange yensimbi. Ingahlukaniswa ngo-cast low alloy steel, cast medium alloy steel bese uphonsa ingxubevange yensimbi ephezulu.
Insimbi engu-304 no-316 yensimbi yinsimbi esetshenziswa kakhulu engagqwali ku izinsimbi zensimbi. Zombili zingama-austenitic cast steels, angenamandla kazibuthe noma anamandla amancane. I-430, 403, ne-410 yizinsimbi ezingenazinsimbi ze-austenitic-ferritic ezinamandla kazibuthe.
Ekhiqizweni kokufakwa kwensimbi, ukuncibilikisa insimbi kuyinqubo esemqoka. Ngaphambi kokuthela ngakunye, kudingeka ukuhlaziywa kwangaphambi kwesithando somlilo. Ingxenye yento ngayinye yamakhemikhali kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende kanye nokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo.
Ukuze kwandiswe ijubane lokuncibilikisa futhi kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yabaphosayo, ama-ingots anokwakheka okufanelekile okusetshenziswayo ngokuvamile asetshenziswa phesheya. Kodwa-ke, kuma-Foundries ama-Chinese, izinto zensimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: izinto ezenziwe kabusha kanye nezinto ezintsha. Izinto ezenziwe kabusha zibhekisa ohlelweni lokuthululela nokukhuphuka kokuphonsa, ukusakazwa kwezinto ezilahliwe, njll. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nebanga kufanele kuhlaziywe ngokucacile, futhi ukungcola komphezulu kanye nesikali se-oxide kufanele kususwe ngokudutshulwa noma nge-sandblasting, bese kubekwa eceleni , noma impahla esetshenzisiwe kabusha kufanele incibilikiswe bese ithelwa ezingxenyeni ezisetshenziswayo.
Izinto ezintsha ama-ingots enziwe ngamamaki athile ezinsimbi noma imvuthuluka, kanye nama-ferroalloys asetshenziswa kakhulu nezinto zensimbi ezimsulwa. Imigoqo yensimbi kanye nama-ingots amamaki athile kudingeka ukuthi ahlaziyelwe ukwakheka futhi ahlangabezane namazinga, futhi ubukhulu bamabha kudingeka buhambisane nosayizi wesithando sikagesi ne-crucible.
▶ Izinto zokusetshenziswa zensimbi yensimbi njengokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali okujwayelekile noma okwenziwe ngokwezifiso nezakhiwo zemishini.
• I-Carbon Steel: I-AISI 1020 - AISI 1060,
• Ama-Alloys ensimbi: ZG20SiMn, ZG30SiMn, ZG30CrMo, ZG35CrMo, ZG35SiMn, ZG35CrMnSi, ZG40Mn, ZG40Cr, ZG42Cr, ZG42CrMo ... njll ngesicelo.
• Insimbi Engagqwali: I-AISI 304, i-AISI 304L, i-AISI 316, i-AISI 316L, i-1.4404, i-1.4301 kanye nezinye ibanga lensimbi engagqwali.
Amandla we-Sand Casting ebunjiwe ngesandla:
• Usayizi kaMax: 1,500 mm × 1000 mm × 500 mm
• Ibanga Lesisindo: 0.5 kg - 500 kg
• Amandla Wonyaka: amathani ayizi-5 000 - amathani ayizi-6,000
• Ukubekezelelana: Ngokwesicelo.
Amandla we-Sand Casting yi-Automatic Molding Machines:
• Usayizi kaMax: 1,000 mm × 800 mm × 500 mm
• Ibanga Lesisindo: 0.5 kg - 500 kg
• Amandla Wonyaka: amathani ayi-8,000 - amathani ayi-10,000
• Ukubekezelelana: Ngokwesicelo.
|
Sakaza Carbon Steel
|
||||||||||
| Cha. | I-China | EJapan | EU.SA | I-ISO | EJalimane | EFrance | ERussia гост | IBrithani | ||
| GB | I-JIS | I-ASTM | UNS | IDINI | W-Nr. | NF | BS | |||
| 1 | I-ZG200-400 (ZG15) | I-SC410 (SC42) | 415-205 (60-30) | J03000 | 200-400 | GS-38 | 1.0416 | - | 15л | - |
| 2 | I-ZG230-450 (ZG25) | I-SC450 (SC46) | 450-240 965-35) | J03101 | 230-450 | GS-45 | 1.0446 | GE230 | 25л | A1 |
| 3 | I-ZG270-500 (ZG35) | I-SC480 (SC49) | 485-275 (70-40) | J02501 | 270-480 | GS-52 | 1.0552 | GE280 | 35л | A2 |
| 4 | I-ZG310-570 (ZG45) | SCC5 | (80-40) | J05002 | - | GS-60 | 1.0558 | GE320 | 45л | - |
| 5 | I-ZG340-640 (ZG55) | - | - | J05000 | 340-550 | - | - | I-GE370 | - | A5 |
