Incazelo
Iukwelashwa ukushisainqubo yensimbi ibhekisela ekushiseni okuqondile, ukufakwa kwe-insulation kanye nenqubo yokupholisa yensimbi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa, okwenziwe ngokuvumelana nomthetho wokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi ngesikhathi sokushisa nokupholisa.
Ukwahlukanisa
Ngokusho kwezindlela zokufudumeza nokupholisa kanye nezakhiwo nezakhiwo ezahlukene ezitholiwe, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwensimbi ingahlukaniswa ibe:
(1) Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kokushisa (ukukhipha isisu, ukujwayela, ukucisha kanye nokushisa)
(2) Ukwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu (ukucisha ubuso nokwelashwa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali, njll.)
(3) Ukwelashwa okushisa okukhethekile (ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-deformation, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwamagnetic field, njll.).
Ngokwesikhundla kanye nendima yokwelashwa kokushisa ekugelezeni kwenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezingxenye, ukwelashwa kokushisa kungahlukaniswa kube:
(1) Ukwelashwa kokushisa kokuqala, ikakhulukazi ukukhishwa, ukujwayelekile, njll.
(2) Ukwelashwa kokugcina kokushisa, ikakhulukazi ukucisha, ukushisa, njll.
I-Annealing kanye nokujwayelekile kwensimbi
Anealing
Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa yokushisisa insimbi enesakhiwo esichezuka esimweni sokulingana siye ezingeni lokushisa elifanele,
ukuyivikela isikhathi esithile, bese uyipholisa kancane kancane ukuze uthole isakhiwo esiseduze nesimo sokulingana kubizwa ngokuthi i-annealing.
Inhloso
Khipha amakristalu amakholomu nama-equiaxed crystals, cwenga okusanhlamvu, unciphise ubulukhuni, uthuthukise ukusebenza kokusika, futhi wenze isakhiwo sifane.
Ukwahlukanisa
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinqubo zokufakwa kwensimbi, ezingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa lokushisa:
1. Ukuguqulwa kwesigaba sokuguqulwa kabusha kwe-annealing, okuhlanganisa ukucwiliswa okuphelele, ukucwiliswa okungaphelele,
i-spheroidizing annealing kanye ne-diffusion annealing.
2. Ukufakwa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa kabusha i-recrystallization annealing kanye ne-stress annealing.
Ukwenza okujwayelekile kungathathwa njengohlobo olukhethekile lwe-annealing, futhi indlela yokupholisa ukupholisa umoya.
1 Ukukhishwa okuphelele
I-annealing egcwele inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa eshisisa insimbi iye ku-30-50℃ ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa le-Ac3, igcine izinga lokushisa isikhathi esanele, yenze isakhiwo siqinisekiswe ngokuphelele, bese sisipholisa kancane ngesithando somlilo ukuze kutholwe inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa eduze nendawo. ukulingana isakhiwo.
Inhloso ukucwenga okusanhlamvu, ukwenza ukwakheka okufanayo, ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kanye nokukhubazeka kokucubungula okushisayo, ukunciphisa ubulukhuni, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokusika kanye nokusebenza kwe-plastic deformation ebandayo.
Isakhiwo sibhekana ne-recrystallization, okwenza okusanhlamvu kucwengisiswe, iyunifomu yesakhiwo, kanye nesakhiwo se-Widmanstätten kanye nesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe siqedwe. Kuma-forging kanye nezingxenye ezigoqayo, ukuthungatha okugcwele kuhlelwa ngemva kokuba ucezu lokusebenza selushiswe ngokufojiwe futhi lushise lugoqwe, futhi ngaphambi kokusikwa: ezingxenyeni ezishiselwe noma ukubunjwa, ngokuvamile luhlelwa ngemva kokushisela nokuthululwa (noma ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-annealing).
Izinga lokushisa lokushisisa nesikhathi Izinga lokushisa livamise ukuba ngu-20-30℃ ngaphezu kwe-Ac3. Isikhathi sokubamba i-annealing asixhomekile kuphela esikhathini esidingekayo ukuze ucezu lomsebenzi lushise (okungukuthi, umnyombo we-workpiece ufinyelela izinga lokushisa elidingekayo), kodwa futhi ngesikhathi esidingekayo sokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo. Isikhathi esigcwele sokubamba i-annealing sihlobene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi, ukuma nobukhulu be-workpiece, uhlobo lwemishini yokushisa, inani lokulayisha kwesithando somlilo kanye nendlela yokulayisha. Ngokuvamile isikhathi sokushisa sibalwa ngokusekelwe ebukhulu obusebenzayo be-workpiece.
Indlela yokupholisa Ukupholisa isithando somlilo,i-carbon steel castings<200 ℃/h, phansii-alloy steel castings<100 ℃/h, insimbi ephezulu ye-alloy <50 ℃/h. Izinga lokushisa lesithando <600 ℃.
Inhlangano:I-Lamellar pearlite
Inqubo ye-annealing ye-carbon steel castings kanye nobulukhuni ngemva kokuhushula
| Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni (%) | I-Annealing Temperature | ukulondolozwa kokushisa | Indlela Yokupholisa | Ukuqina(HB) | |
| Ukuqina kwezindonga ze-castings / mm | isikhathi/amahora | ||||
| 0.10-0.20 | 910-880 | ＜30 | 1 | isithando somlilo siphola sibe ngu-620 ℃——sipholile emoyeni | 115-143 |
| 0.20-0.30 | 880-850 | ＜30 | 1 | isithando somlilo siphola sibe ngu-620 ℃——sipholile emoyeni | 133-156 |
| 0.30-0.40 | 850-820 | ＞30 | Njalo ukwanda kwe-30 mm, engeza ihora elingu-1 | isithando somlilo siphola sibe ngu-620 ℃——sipholile emoyeni | 143-178 |
| 0.40-0,50 | 820-800 | ＞30 | Njalo ukwanda kwe-30 mm, engeza ihora elingu-1 | isithando somlilo siphola sibe ngu-620 ℃——sipholile emoyeni | 156-217 |
| 0.50-0.60 | 800-780 | ＞30 | Njalo ukwanda kwe-30 mm, engeza ihora elingu-1 | isithando somlilo siphola sibe ngu-620 ℃——sipholile emoyeni | 187-230 |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-13-2024